Michigan Voices:
An In-Depth Look at the Experiences of Educators, Students, & Parents During Emergency Remote Learning
What can we learn from the “living prototype” of emergency remote learning during COVID-19?
What can we learn from the “living prototype” of emergency remote learning during COVID-19?
Between March and June 2020, statewide school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused major disruptions in both learning and daily life for students, parents, teachers, and school leaders alike.
As a result of the pandemic, teachers and school leaders struggled with the abrupt and unprecedented need to shift from a face-to-face learning environment to a 100% remote learning environment. Meanwhile, at home, parents struggled to support their children while also juggling their own professional responsibilities. Students struggled with an unfamiliar learning environment and newfound social isolation.
The situation unfolded quickly with most educators scrambling to provide what became known as “emergency remote learning,” a band-aid approach to online learning necessitated by the rapidity with which it was deployed.
Most educators understood intuitively that maintaining the same quality of education they were providing their students before the pandemic was not possible. Yet, they did the best they could to facilitate learning using all the tools available to them.
Still, major equity issues quickly became apparent for students who did not have access to an internet-connected device or whose parents could not be available in the same capacity to support them during this period of home learning.
The emergency remote learning that took place on this scale and for this duration was a phenomenon for which most schools were largely unprepared. What this situation did offer, however, was a period of collective innovation and action, an opportunity to reflect on what was essential for learning, and a “living prototype” that we could study and evaluate to better prepare for the future.
With a desire to reflect and learn from this moment in educational history, Michigan Virtual collaborated with Sundberg-Ferar, an internationally recognized, Michigan-based design firm who conducted a qualitative research project focused on capturing authentic stories and experiences from administrators, teachers, parents, and students.
The ultimate goal of this project was to influence actionable plans moving forward to make the future of education — whether face-to-face, blended, or virtual — more impactful for students. In order to accomplish this goal, however, we first had to capture immediate in-the-moment insights from these groups to understand their pain points, uncover success stories, and listen to their perspectives on the future of remote learning.
The methods used to conduct this study included 17 small-group video interviews with a total of approximately 65 participants, representing students, parents, teachers, and administrators from across the state. Comments shared in these 60-90 minute interviews were supported by responses participants provided in a written questionnaire that was emailed to them prior to the group session.
Insights gleaned through these interviews were myriad, but essentially fell into four main categories, which we will explore further in this report:
What were the social and emotional effects of emergency remote learning on educators, students, and parents? Skip ahead→
What did we learn about pedagogy during this time? What motivates students to learn in remote environments without grades? What do we need to do in the future to address the needs of educators to enact sound pedagogy in a remote environment? Skip ahead→
What did we learn from the technological hurdles faced by educators, parents, and students during this period of emergency remote learning? Skip ahead→
What equity concerns emerged during this period of emergency remote learning? How might we innovate to address equity gaps in the future? Skip ahead→
In this report, we overview common themes from these interviews, sharing quotations from participants along the way to capture the lived experiences of students, parents, educators, and school leaders during this tumultuous time in education.
At the end of each section, you will notice areas labelled “Initial Hypotheses” and “Knowledge Gaps.” Here, we share out our initial ponderings as we begin to chart the design-thinking process to its conclusion. The “Initial Hypotheses” capture our “What if?” questions that lend themselves toward potential innovative solutions to problems revealed in the interviews. “Knowledge Gaps” reveal the questions we ought to answer before we proceed toward designing potential solutions and testing hypotheses.
By nature, design thinking begins with action-oriented research. Our goal in studying this period of emergency remote thinking is not purely academic, but rooted in a desire to design better learning experiences for all students, regardless of whether they are learning in a face-to-face, remote, or blended learning environment.
Across all interviews, the health, well-being and safety of students and educators in Michigan emerged as a dominant theme. By far the greatest emphasis was on the immediate need for administrators and instructional support teams to communicate with teachers and assist in their efforts to stay connected with their students and parents.
There was a lot of excitement about the opportunity to re-evaluate "the system" and shift away from seat time and standardized tests toward more personalized, competency-based learning. Many feel this shift is important to allow educators to make a stronger impact on students.
All educators shared intense emotional sadness over the physical separation from students, the loss of daily spontaneity, and the full sensory engagement of human-to-human interaction. Many educators described the feeling of moving from “teaching in 3D” to “teaching in 2D.”
Many teachers felt unsure about whether their daily tasks were meeting the expectations of their leadership. Many worried about having a clearly defined role in a future blended learning environment.
Teachers were extremely thankful that this emergency situation happened when relationships with students and parents were already well established. They expressed extreme concern about beginning new relationships in a 100% remote or blended environment. Frequent mention was made of the appeal of “looping” (i.e., multi-year teaching) or a version of this. Many expressed the need for a much more robust “hand-off” between teachers next year and in the future.
“This 100% remote experience feels ‘really clunky’ and lost the spirit of the classroom.”
“These last two months proved we don’t need to keep doing things the same old way, there are other ways to learn and the Fall can’t be a restart of how things have always been.”
“I’m not interested in teaching this way. I got into education for human interaction. That’s been ripped away.”
“The year I looped was my best year teaching because of the relationships I built.”
Based on participant data, we can’t help but wonder. . .
Here are some questions that would be beneficial to answer before designing potential solutions:
For some students the remote learning environment felt more emotionally safe than the classroom environment, with less peer pressure related to how you look, what you wear, or related to academics if a student was struggling. This also eliminated the fear of unexpectedly being called upon to answer a question or speak in front of the class.
High school students expressed genuine happiness with the switch to 100% remote learning, suggesting it took pressure off them in terms of grades and deadlines while allowing them to work in a more flexible manner that fit their personal preferences.
Older students were more likely to be embarrassed about their homes. Because of this, some refused to attend or engage in Zoom meetings, or opted to keep their cameras off during these sessions, in the desire to stay “anonymous.”
“I feel relaxed. I love the freedom to make my own schedule. I’m still doing 4 hours of work per day, but I can move my time around and do it when it works best for me."
“My African American girls will not video until their hair can get done. Their mothers won’t even allow it!”
Based on participant data, we can’t help but wonder. . .
Here are some questions that would be beneficial to answer before designing potential solutions:
Parents were not sure "how" their children’s teachers wanted content to be taught, so they felt they couldn’t help effectively and wanted more transparent expectations.
Parents felt that too much disparate content and communication was also happening. Some said it got better over time as the schools realized that the volume of incoming communication was overwhelming.
“It’s not my role.”
“I don’t have enough time or experience to really help.”
“Take me out of this equation!”
“I’m receiving volumes of messages from administrators, coaches, each teacher… It’s nearly unmanageable.”
Based on participant data, we can’t help but wonder. . .
Here are some questions that would be beneficial to answer before designing potential solutions:
Finding themselves thrust full-time into remote learning models, many participants voiced some optimism over the opportunity to rethink, re-evaluate and improve the way they teach and the way students learn.
Long-held concerns about the value of standardized tests, traditional class structures, grading systems, student-seat-time and other measures were temporarily tossed aside. Teachers felt liberated to focus on intentional instruction and optimistic to use the tools and techniques learned in the emergency remote experience to become more effective educators and build career value going forward.
Many viewed this moment in time as a potential paradigm shift that will accelerate their ideal vision of the future of education into a more near-term reality.
Based on student interviews, we noted the following trends underlying student motivation at different grade levels:
Educators expressed a need for better understanding of what motivates students in a remote learning model. Many shared a belief that traditional education practices rely too heavily on grades to motivate student participation and should be adjusted to focus more on the intrinsic love of learning.
Many of those interviewed believe it is more important now than ever before to understand how an individual student learns best and mold instructional support accordingly.
Many students (though not all) appreciated the ability to make their own schedules to accomplish work. For others, learning to effectively manage their time was a real challenge.
Based on participant data, we can’t help but wonder. . .
Here are some questions that would be beneficial to answer before designing potential solutions:
For most educators, the shift to remote learning was completely new, and they desired to learn new techniques and best practices for teaching in this environment.
Experienced educators stressed that remote professional development should focus first on effective learning techniques, then move on to remote tools that can be leveraged to implement these techniques.
Educators in districts with a competency-based learning curriculum reported managing the emergency transition relatively well. Many that were new to CBL or not yet practicing the model wished they were and suggested that they hoped to transition to more CBL style techniques in the Fall because it seemed to keep more students motivated to participate.
Educators were surprised about the level of new collaboration taking place amongst their peers and hope this will continue to break down silos going forward.
Some leaders recommended that remote learning superstars should be identified statewide, whoever they are, and get them out in front of the rest to show the best tools and techniques.
Many teachers expressed concern that by teaching both in the classroom AND online, they’d be asked to do double the work. For most educators, moving from an in-person to an online learning environment is not just a transition, but a translation of content. There was widespread fear that in a future blended learning environment, their workloads could increase significantly.
“Moving in person to online is not just a transition, but a translation of content. It’s completely new.”
“PD should focus on good remote learning and teaching techniques, regardless of the tool, then dive into the tools and how to utilize them.”
“A classroom and a virtual teacher?! That’s double the work!”
Based on participant data, we can’t help but wonder. . .
Here are some questions that would be beneficial to answer before designing potential solutions:
While all school districts were forced to engage in some level of technology-assisted communication and learning during the emergency shut down, the rate of adoption of these technologies was inconsistent. Despite efforts to institute efficient and effective distance learning strategies, the ease with which school districts were able to “flip the switch” varied significantly.
Educators at all levels expressed concern that during the emergency transition to remote learning, so much of their effort had to focus on overcoming technology hurdles, little time or mental capacity was left for worrying about the actual quality of teaching and learning that was going on.
Many stakeholders were worried about where online content was coming from, and wonder where they can get quality, vetted content in the future. Administrators wonder how much they will have to budget for purchasing content or creating it on their own.
Collaboration was important for many educators in learning to use new tech tools. Many found peer instruction much more effective than learning from traditional resources. Numerous stories were cited of teachers stepping up and sharing tips and tricks to help get their colleagues through the tough times.
Teachers began to experiment with enhanced “virtual” classrooms graphics to make the digital experience feel more personalized and fun. Progressive teachers found it engaging, but many teachers found it overwhelming to keep up with the tech-savvy teachers. The overall student engagement impact of these efforts is also still unknown. Teachers are unsure whether it made a difference or whether they should continue the added effort to customize virtual classrooms in the future.
Heading into next Fall and beyond, administrators said they will be assessing and determining their district LMS strategy for the near and long term. Those already using a full LMS system said they are growing PD to maximize its effectiveness. Districts on the doorstep of assessing an LMS are expediting that effort, and districts on the outside are now trying to assess if disparate tools such as Google Classroom or Seesaw are enough, or if they also need to jump into a full LMS.
“An LMS is all about how it’s rolled out. Slow roll. To throw it out there all at once would be too overwhelming.”
“Remote professional development that includes the introduction of new technologies needs to be introduced with a clear benefit to educators' craft in mind, with proper pedagogy introduced before the nuts and bolts of the technology tool itself are taught.”
“This is the first time in my 20 year career I’ve ended the day feeling guilty that I couldn’t do a great job giving my staff the quality I’m used to providing and the tools they need to be their best.”
Based on participant data, we can’t help but wonder. . .
Here are some questions that would be beneficial to answer before designing potential solutions:
Educators are truly heroes who often put the needs of others before their own. Even though they may try, each educator alone cannot be responsible for fixing all the socio-economic issues in the world. This pandemic has reminded us that it takes a full community effort to create change, and we need to focus on maximizing our resources and motivating every stakeholder to be their best.
At the core of an equitable remote education were two topics stressed by all stakeholders: consistent parental or guardian support to provide a healthy and safe home environment (e.g., meals to eat and a quiet place to work) and access to learning tools (e.g., Wi-Fi-enabled laptops and common classroom analogue tools). Educators stressed that if either element was missing or inconsistent, students will be fighting an uphill battle and highly likely to fall behind their peers.
Educators shared that many households in their districts did not have access to the internet through a connected device or even basic analogue materials from which to work. Basic essentials such as having a dedicated space in the home where the student can work were often overlooked or unavailable. Students, parents, and teachers shared difficult situations with stressors such as large, multi-sibling families; students living in multiple locations with split guardianship; older students caring for younger siblings; and parents being preoccupied with working from home for their own job. All of these situations and many more lead to poor performance and lowered student motivation.
There was an increased desire from all stakeholders to work together to maximize the community’s “people and places” resources from local mentorship to the use of facilities such as makerspaces, design studios, and local businesses.
Educators said this is the time more than ever to utilize the collective strengths of the local community and help supplement educator efforts with valuable life skills.
The reliance on schools to provide structured weekday childcare has never been more evident. Many households do not have an adult at home five days a week able to support remote learning. Future school schedules that are blended or fully remote will be a challenge for many. If a safe place to remotely learn is not available at home, or childcare is needed, some parents and educators expressed a need for schools to look at expanded childcare options for at risk students to be safely on school campuses all five weekdays.
Based on participant data, we can’t help but wonder. . .
Here are some questions that would be beneficial to answer before designing potential solutions:
While the COVID-19 pandemic caused deep disruptions to the end of the 2019-20 school year, it also launched by necessity a period of rapid innovation and collective thinking among Michigan educators.
Here are some of the high-level takeaways from these interviews:
Districts need near-term strategic advice for implementing remote learning next year (e.g., an LMS plan), but also long-term visionary innovation as many educators view this moment in time as a paradigm shifting opportunity.
>Many teachers are stressed about the logistics of next Fall but are optimistic about the big picture shift in education this crisis may produce.
This shift will require new professional development strategies and a deeper understanding of student-centered learning.
New research efforts should be launched to study intrinsic motivators that stimulate and create eager learners. The psychology of motivation needs to be an integral part of educator training.
The abrupt push into remote learning caused a lot of uncertainty for teachers regarding their role in facilitating student learning. Many wondered: Am I a content creator? Am I a facilitator? If I am not creating content for my classroom, how do I show my expertise? What does it mean if I’m getting content from another expert? Overall teachers sought greater clarity on what their role should be in the remote learning environment and what their daily tasks should look like.
Regionally consistent Fall launch plans will help families and employers adjust to a much more fluid and inconsistent weekday schedule.
The Sundberg-Ferar and Michigan Virtual teams have proposed several next steps for moving forward:
Powered by the Michigan Virtual Learning Continuity Workgroup, the Keep Michigan Learning website houses a collection of free tools and resources intended to support and empower teachers and school leaders as they design remote and blended learning experiences for their students during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond, including:
This interactive self-assessment tool asks teachers to evaluate their readiness to effectively reach and teach students in a remote or blended learning environment. Upon filling out this checklist, teachers will receive an automated playlist of PD options based on their unique growth areas. Assess your readiness→
Trying to decide which learning management system (LMS) is the right fit for your school or district? Unsure if now is the best time to implement one? Curious about how popular LMSs compare to one another? This free guide can help you answer these questions and determine which path forward will be best for your students and staff. Get started with an LMS→
You can use this repository to find, share, and rate both free and paid digital content options that can be used in your K-12 classroom. Because this repository is crowd-sourced, each resource listed has been submitted by a fellow educator who believes in the value of this resource to meet the unique learning needs of K-12 students. Find, rate, or submit content→